Evaluation of persistent COVID and SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in a cohort of patients on the island of Gran Canaria, Spain / Evaluación de la COVID-19 persistente y la reinfección por SARS-CoV-2 en una cohorte de pacientes en la isla de Gran Canaria, España

Introduction This study analyzed the impact of patients’ age, sex, vaccination, immunosuppressive treatment, and previous comorbidities on the risk of developing persistent COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2 virus reinfection. Method Population-based observational retrospective study of a cohort of 110,726 patients aged 12 years or older, who were diagnosed with COVID-19 between June 1st, 2021 and February 28th, 2022 in the island of Gran Canaria. Results 340 patients suffered reinfection. The combination of advanced age, female sex and lack of complete or incomplete vaccination against COVID-19 was strongly predictive of reinfection (p<0.05). In the 188 patients who developed persistent COVID-19, the persistence of symptoms was more frequent in adult patients, women, and patients with a diagnosis of asthma. Complete vaccination was associated with a lower risk of reinfection ([OR] 0.05, 95%CI 0.04–0.07; p<0.05) and of developing persistent COVID-19 ([OR] 0.07, 95%CI 0.05–0.10; p<0.05). None of the patients with reinfection or persistent COVID-19 died during the period of the study Conclusions This study confirmed the link between age, sex, asthma and risk of persistent COVID-19. It was not possible to define the patient's comorbidities as a factor that influences the development of reinfection, but its association with age, sex, type of vaccine and hypertension was demonstrated. Higher vaccination coverage was associated with a lower risk of persistent COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2 reinfection (AU)

Introducción Se analizó el impacto de la edad, el sexo, la vacunación, el tratamiento inmunosupresor y las comorbilidades previas del paciente sobre la condición de riesgo de desarrollar COVID-19 persistente o reinfección por el virus del SARS-CoV-2. Método Estudio retrospectivo observacional de base poblacional en una cohorte de 110.726 pacientes de 12 o más años de edad diagnosticados de COVID-19 entre el 1 de junio de 2021 y el 28 de febrero de 2022 en la isla de Gran Canaria. Resultados Trescientos cuarenta pacientes sufrieron reinfección por COVID-19. La combinación de edad avanzada, sexo femenino y falta de vacunación completa o incompleta contra la COVID-19 fue fuertemente predictiva de reinfección (p<0,05). En los 188 pacientes que desarrollaron COVID-19 persistente, la persistencia de síntomas fue más frecuente en pacientes en edad adulta, mujeres y pacientes con diagnóstico de asma. La vacunación completa se asoció con un menor riesgo de reinfección ([OR] 0,05, IC 95% 0,04-0,07; p <0,05) y de desarrollar COVID-19 persistente ([OR] 0,07, IC 95% 0,05-0,10; p <0,05). Ninguno de los pacientes con reinfección o COVID-19 persistente falleció durante el período del estudio. Conclusiones Este estudio confirmó el vínculo entre la edad, el sexo, el asma y el riesgo de COVID-19 persistente. No se pudo definir las comorbilidades del paciente como factor que influye en el desarrollo de reinfección, pero sí se demostró su asociación con edad, sexo e hipertensión arterial. Una mayor cobertura de vacunación se asoció a un menor riesgo de COVID-19 persistente o reinfección por SARS-CoV-2 (AU)

Evaluation of persistent COVID and SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in a cohort of patients on the island of Gran Canaria, Spain.

INTRODUCTION: This study analyzed the impact of patients' age, sex, vaccination, immunosuppressive treatment, and previous comorbidities on the risk of developing persistent COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2 virus reinfection. METHOD: Population-based observational retrospective study of a cohort of 110,726 patients aged 12 years or older, who were diagnosed with COVID-19 between June 1st, 2021 and February 28th, 2022 in the island of Gran Canaria. RESULTS: 340 patients suffered reinfection. The combination of advanced age, female sex and lack of complete or incomplete vaccination against COVID-19 was strongly predictive of reinfection (p<0.05). In the 188 patients who developed persistent COVID-19, the persistence of symptoms was more frequent in adult patients, women, and patients with a diagnosis of asthma. Complete vaccination was associated with a lower risk of reinfection ([OR] 0.05, 95%CI 0.04-0.07; p<0.05) and of developing persistent COVID-19 ([OR] 0.07, 95%CI 0.05-0.10; p<0.05). None of the patients with reinfection or persistent COVID-19 died during the period of the study. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed the link between age, sex, asthma and risk of persistent COVID-19. It was not possible to define the patient's comorbidities as a factor that influences the development of reinfection, but its association with age, sex, type of vaccine and hypertension was demonstrated. Higher vaccination coverage was associated with a lower risk of persistent COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2 reinfection.